Public Health // Current

Study: Air pollution inflicts heavy economic losses on California

Air pollution inflicts losses of about 28 billion U.S. dollars annually on the economy of California, according to a study released on Wednesday.

The heavy losses were caused mainly by premature deaths and pollution-linked illnesses, says the study by researchers at the California State University in Fullerton.

California sees roughly 3,000 smog-related deaths each year, which costs about 25 billion U.S. dollars, according to Jane Hall, a professor of economics and co-director of the university's Institute for Economics and Environment Studies.

Other losses were due to such factors as emergency room visits, asthma attacks and other respiratory illnesses, she added.

The study, which focuses on the South Coast and San Joaquin air basins, finds that the two regions rank among the lowest in the country on air pollution.

It also underlines the economic benefits of meeting federal air quality standards at a time when lawmakers and regulators are struggling with California's commitment to protecting public health in a weak economy.

"We are going to pay for it one way or the other. Either we pay to fix the problem or we pay in loss of life and poor health," said Hall, the team leader of the study, who is also a nationally recognized environmental economist.

"This study adds another piece to the puzzle as the public and policy-makers try to understand where do we go from here," Hall added.

The California Air Resources Board is scheduled to vote on Dec.11 to decide whether or not to adopt broader rules which will force more than 1 million heavy-duty diesel truckers to install filters or upgrade their engines.

Truckers and agribusinesses have argued against stricter regulation, saying it is too expensive for them to invest in clean vehicles at a time of economic uncertainty.

The study suggests that attaining the federal standard for exposure to particulates would save more lives than lowering the number of motor vehicle fatalities to zero in most of the regions examined.

Microscopic particulates discharged from tailpipes, factory smoke stacks, diesel trucks and equipments are considered the most lethal forms of air pollution, which can penetrate through lungs and enter bloodstream, the study shows.

Exposure to these fine particles is connected with severe asthma, cancer and premature deaths from heart and lung diseases.Air pollution inflicts losses of about 28 billion U.S. dollars annually on the economy of California, according to a study... more

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National forests and parks — long popular with Mexican marijuana-growing cartels — have become home to some of the most polluted pockets of wilderness in America because of the toxic chemicals used to eke lucrative harvests from rocky mountainsides, federal officials said.

The grow sites have taken hold from the West Coast's Cascade Mountains to federal lands in Kentucky, Tennessee and West Virginia.

Seven hundred grow sites were discovered on U.S. Forest Service land in California alone in 2007 and 2008 — and authorities say the 1,800-square-mile Sequoia National Forest is the hardest hit.

Weed and bug sprays, some long banned in the U.S., have been smuggled to the marijuana farms. Plant growth hormones have been dumped into streams, and the water has then been diverted for miles in PVC pipes.

Rat poison has been sprinkled over the landscape to keep animals away from tender plants. And many sites are strewn with the carcasses of deer and bears poached by workers during the five-month growing season that is now ending.

"What's going on on public lands is a crisis at every level," said Forest Service agent Ron Pugh. "These are America's most precious resources, and they are being devastated by an unprecedented commercial enterprise conducted by armed foreign nationals. It is a huge mess."

The first documented marijuana cartels were discovered in Sequoia National Park in 1998. Then, officials say, tighter border controls after Sept. 11, 2001, forced industrial-scale growers to move their operations into the United States.

Millions of dollars are spent every year to find and uproot marijuana-growing operations on state and federal lands, but federal officials say no money is budgeted to clean up the environmental mess left behind after helicopters carry off the plants. They are encouraged that Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., who last year secured funding for eradication, has inquired about the pollution problems.

In the meantime, the only cleanup is done by volunteers. On Tuesday, the nonprofit High Sierra Trail Crew, founded to improve access to public lands, plans to take 30 people deep into the Sequoia National Forest to carry out miles of drip irrigation pipe, tons of human garbage, volatile propane canisters, and bags and bottles of herbicides and pesticides.

"If the people of California knew what was going on out there, they'd be up in arms about this," said Shane Krogen, the nonprofit's executive director. "Helicopters full of dope are like body counts in the Vietnam War. What does it really mean?"

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